NATIVE AMERICAN GARDENING

Making a Map

The purpose of this activity is to demonstrate the influence of Geography on the course of Ohio history.

Materials Needed:

• State maps of Ohio, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, New York and Indiana
• Paper
• Pencil
• Ruler

Proficiency Objectives:

• Investigate the influence of geography on Ohio history
• Develop map skills
• Use maps as a source of information
• Learners will learn cause and effect relationships in Ohio history related to geography
• Students will develop a timeline of American settlement
• Explore sources of information about Ohio history
• Identify significant individuals and events in Ohio history

Activity:

Students will use state maps to plot information on the birth and death of some of the most famous figures from Ohio's settlement period. Using these maps the students will then answer a series of questions on the settlement of Ohio and the other lands west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Students first need to either obtain maps that can be marked on, (maps of the states can be obtained on the internet at http://www.50states.com/), or trace the outlines of the states listed.

From the biographies of famous settlers and Indians take 10 of each at random and find out (if possible) where each was born and where each died, and mark each on a map along with the dates. Draw lines between the places they were born and the places where they died.

When all 20 have been placed on the maps answer the following questions.

Questions:

How many were born in the original thirteen colonies and how many were born west of the Appalachian Mountains?

How many were buried in the state where they were born? Of these, how many were Indians?

Did anyone end up buried further east than they were born?

Who moved farther west the Indians or the settlers?

Who was moving west faster?

If you were an Indian trying to get away from white settlers what direction should you go?

From 1600 to 1750, European settlers moved the distance from the coast to the western Appalachian Mountains. How far west did America move (what state was farthest west) in the next 150 years? Did Americans move faster or slower in the second 150 years?

Additional Resources:

http://hanksville.phast.umass.edu/misc/indices/NAhistory.html

http://www.pitt.edu/~lmitten/general.html

http://one-web.org/oneida/treat-1789.html

http://history.cc.ukans.edu/kansas/wn/wn_tarhe.html

Deloria, V. Behind the Trail of Broken Treaties. U. of Texas Press, 1988.

Dobyns, H. Their Number Become Thinned. U of Tenn. Press, 1983.

Gridley, Marion E. American Indian Tribes. New York : Dodd, Mead & Co., 1974.

Matthiessen, P. Indian Country. Viking, 1984.

Ortiz, S. The People Shall Continue. San Francisco : Children's Book Press, 1988.

Ramenotsky, A. Vectors of Death: The Archaeology of European Contact. U. of New Mexico Press, 1987.

Thomas, D., ed. Columbian Consequences. 3 vols. Smithsonian, 1989-1991.

Viola, H. After Columbus: The Smithsonian Chronicle of the North American Indians. Smithsonian, 1990.

Viola, H. American Indian Stories (general editor). Milwaukee : Raintree Publishers, 1990.

Viola, H. and C. Margolis, editors. Seeds of Change: A Quincentennial Commemoration. Smithsonian, 1991.

Washburn, W. Indian-White Relations. (1988). Vol.4 of Handbook of North American Indians.

Werner, Jane The First Americans : Tribes of North America. Watson. New York : Pantheon, 1980.